Adsorptive removal of levofloxacin and antibiotic resistance genes from hospital wastewater by nano-zero-valent iron and nano-copper using kinetic studies and response surface methodology

Abstract In the twenty-first century, water contamination with pharmaceutical residues is becoming a global phenomenon and threat. Antibiotic antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are recognized as new emerging pollutants because they can negatively affect aquatic ecosystems human health, thereby posing complex environmental problem. These nano-adsorbents of next generation remove these at low concentrations. This study focuses on chemical synthesis copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) used for levofloxacin removal from samples antibiotic-resistant genes. The CuONPs nZVI initially characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning X-ray diffraction. adsorption isotherm CuONPS shows best fit Langmuir model, exhibiting correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) 0.993 0.999, respectively. activities were fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic model 0.983 0.994, maximum capacity was observed (89%), (84%), (88%) (71.6) pH 7 adsorbent dose(0.06 mg/L), initial LEV concentration (1 temperature 25 °C, contact time 120 min CuONPs. Removal efficiency (91%), (90.6%), (80%), 7, dose(0.06), 35 min. an exothermic process CuONPs, according thermodynamic analysis. A analysis indicated that each spontaneous. Several genera, including clinically pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Acinetobacter_baumannii, Helicobacter_pylori , Escherichia_coli, Pseudomonas_aeruginosa, Clostridium_beijerinckii, Escherichia/Shigella_coli, Helicobacter_cetorum, Lactobacillus_gasseri, Bacillus_cereus, Deinococcus_radiodurans, Rhodobacter_sphaeroides, Propionibacterium_acnes, Bacteroides_vulgatus relatively abundant in hospital wastewater. Furthermore, 37 quantified results demonstrated 95.01% 91.4% effective adsorbents removing effluent. synthesized have excellent reusability be considered cost eco-friendly adsorbents. Graphical